i find it really difficult to get chameleon friendly plants, but one that isn't too difficult to come across that i rely on is Coleus,
my 4 month old yemen actually eats his, which i suppose is good because theyre full of liquid and would hopefully go towards giving him veggie goodness. no idea, either way, it doesnt seem to cause him any problems and he's already munched his way through an entire plant, once he's had a go at one leaf i snip it off to stop bacteria or whyever you're supposed to do that.
they last a while, if your chameleon doesnt eat them then i doubt they die, they do pretty well in the chameleon set up with regular water, humidity and being inside.
and they look nice, are cheap, and get big pretty quickly.
mine also likes to hide in his when he spots the mister.