Take a look at my post on this thread:
https://www.chameleonforums.com/hours-light-1469/.
It shows that in the height of summer, chams in Madagascar are exposed to approx. 13 hours of light, and in the depths(?) of winter, they get about 11hours of light.
So the general 12 hours of light is a good approximation, and I think that most keepers keep their chams year-round on a 12 hour light schedule with no ill-effects.
Personally however, since I have a large window in the room I keep my chams, and since I've noticed that the sunlight from the window will wake them up/keep them awake regardless of their cage lights, I adjust my light timers once a month so that the lights never go on before the sun comes up, and never go off after the sun has gone down. Luckily South Africa has similar hours of daylight to Yemen/Madagascar, so by sticking to that routine my chams get about the same duration as what they would in their 'homelands'.
However, I'd expect that in places far North like the UK or Canada, you'd have to keep enclosure light hours independent of your actual daylight hours, so that they still get a minimum of 10-11 hours light.